Drill press



Oct. 24, 1944. c. A. WIKENA 2,360,921

DRILL PRES S I Filed Aug. 4, 1941 s Sheets-Sheet 1 Oct. 24, 1944, c. A. WlKEN 2,360,921

DRILL PRES S Filed Aug. 4, 1941 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 El a 1 )2 c P A 4-6 j I @Qmmwwmw,

Oct, 24, 1944.

C. A. WlKEN DRILL PRESS Filed Aug. 4. 194]. v

3 Sheets-Sheet s Iii one another that Patented a. 24, 1944 DRILL PRESS I Christy A. Wikcn, Milwaukee, Wis., assignor, by

mesne assignments,

Delta. Manufacturing Application August 4, 1941, Serial No. 405,404

' 4 Claims.

The present in to improvements I ention relates in drilling machines.

More specifically, it relates to improved and simplified constructions of machines of this'kind whereby a highly satisfactory drill press may be manufactured at a relatively low cost.

An object of the invention is to provide a drill press made of units or assemblies which maybe readily taken apart and reassembled without disturbing the alinement of the working parts.

provide improved and simplimeans for lubricating them and to provide means preventing the entrance of dust and the like into the lubricant.

Another feature is to provide parts so fitted to the drill spindle will transfer a portion ofthe stresses, produced in the drive pulllley by the belt, to spindle hearings in the qui Other objects and advantages of the invention will be explained and disclosed in the present specification, in connection with the drawings accompanying the same and forming a part thereof, illustrating a drill press embodying .a preferred form of the invention In said drawings: 1

Fig. 1 is a side elevation, partly broken away and in section, of a bench-type'drill press together with a, motor for driving the same, the supporting column being broken away at two locations;

Fig. 2 is a front elevation of the drill press also partly broken away and partly in section,

to illustrate certain details;

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary detail view, partly in section on the plane indicated by the line 33 of Fig. 2, to show the structure of the table and its support;

Fig. 4 is a sectional view on a smaller scale, through the frame of the drill press, on the horizontal planes indicated by the broken line i-t of Fig. 1;

Fig. 5 is a fragmentary elevation partly in section and on a very much enlarged scale, on the plane indicated by the line 5-5 of Fig. 2, passing longitudinally through the axis of the drill spindle, the pulley-guard and the chuck bein omitted; and

Fig. 6 is a fragmentary plan view on the same scale as Fig. 1, the belt guard, belt and motor beingomitted.

In all the figures corresponding elements are indicated by the same reference characters.

Referring first to Fig.1 it will be seen that the machine illustrated has a base I, having a plane upper surface 2 which may serve as a work table, and which may have the customary holes and slots therein for securing work pieces, or holding devices for work pieces, thereto. The base i also has a lug 3 formed thereon and bored as shown at 4 to provide a cylindrical opening to receive the drill column 5, said lug also having one or more holes therein such as 6 which are screw threaded to receive set screws for holding the drill column rigidly in position. It will be noted that below the collar or lug 3 there is a tubular continuation 1 thereof, reaching substantially to the lower edge of the base and supported 'by a plurality of substantially radial ribs 8, extendingfrom said portion 7, to provide a very stifi and rigidsupport for the column 5.

thereto for manipulating it may serve to hold the member 9 at any desired position along the column, by tightening the two parts of the slotted tubular member ID on said column. The member 9 has a forwardly extending portion l4 having a substantially plane upper surface i5, serving as a work customary kinds may be provided in the table M, to assist in. clamping or otherwise holding 'work pieces thereon.

The table It has of course the central hole l2ltherein, which will be substantially alined with the drill spindle when the parts are in the normal position shown in Fig. 2. To combine strength with lightness, the table preferably is made relatively thin as shown by the sectional view in Fig. 3, and is provided with ribs 94 extending substantially parallel to the slots 95,

which are shown in Fig. 6.

Also mounted upon the column 5 so" as to be .capable of slidin therealong, is the frame l6 which carries the drilling mechanism proper, as

well as the source of power for operating said mechanism. In order to secure the frame l6 atthe desired elevation on the column 3, it has therein a, slot l! a shown in Fig. 6, extending into the bore l8 which fits on. the column 5, and-a bolt l9 extends through the slotted portion table. Slots and holes of the able handle on the nut 2|,

- from the frame I! are I 2! connected by a belt the adjustment may be 1 when said shaft is if and when desired.

The handle or lever ll is preferably a cylindri-' thumb screw It,

. shaft ll. The bore 4! while the thumb screw thereon the bored portion il may be caused to grip tightly on the column I. As this frame adiustment ordinarily need be made only seldom, it is not necessary to provide a manually operalthoush this may be done of course, if preferred.

proper position,

Twolugs 2| extending in opposite directions bored to receive the pins or studs 22, so that they may slide through the bores. These studs are secured to or integral with the motor mounting plate 23. to which the motor 24 may be secured, as by the nuts 26. The motor shaft 21 has thereon a pulley ii to a pulley 30 on the drill spindle 2!. For convenience in providing a number of different speed ratios, pulleys as and I! are made as companion cone pulleys, and in order to protect the operator, a pulley guard 22 preferably is secured tothe frame "as shown, by the cap screws a and 34. The belt 3i may be adjusted to the proper tension by shifting the studs 22 in their respective lugs 2i, whereupon. maintained by tightenin the set screws 3!. I v

A quill 26 is mounted to slide vertically in a bore Sljnear the front end of the frame it, and has a rack ll. cut therein or mounted thereon.

bolts25andthehold the parts This rack is inengagement with a pinion as at one end of a shaft 40, shown in Fig. 4,'so that turned by means of the handle or lever ii, the coil! "will be moved correspondingly. The frame If is slotted in front as shown at 42, and a bolt ual operation, cooperates with a nut ll to make it ossible to clamp the quill in adjusted osition,

calrod as shown, with a groove near each-end thereof and a similar roove 41 at-an intermediate point. The shaft I has a threaded opening II in its end as shown in Fig. 2 to receive the which has a pointed end ii that will fit in any one of the grooves of the lever 4i, which slides through a t intersects the bore I and a reduced portion thereof extends inward beyond it, to provide a housing for the co and the ball as shown. a

When the thumb screw 4! is looaned, the rod ll may be slid to cause any one of the grooves 4i and vides a rapid change of leverage when desired, as the baliwill hold the rod li preventit from falling out .or shifting its position, ll wiilioclr the rod 4-! securely inone ofthe or even in any intermediate'position, which will-provide a selected leverage and throw convenient for the operator and satisfa'ctoryf'or the work being v done.

the frame It, and havingsts inner end secured to thereduced end I of the shaft ll," so that the spring I, when unwinding.- ordinary clock'sp'ring', the proper direction to cause raisethequillli."" v shaft ll is preferably shown in 'Fig. 4. These same to hold the housin in place and $150 to hold shaft l. itselfin ransverse bore Ii in the.

ed spring 2 the ball II to engage in 41, and thus pro-' frame,- itis preferred to h ving a handle N for mana ly enoush to the.

therein providing bearings for the spindle,

and e lock nut 58, as

. Ii formed in a portion in position by means of a avertical axis in the whileat the same time making it easy to assemble or dismantle the parts. The housing is provided with slots III! as shown in Fig. 2, which engage on lugs, III of the frame it, to prevent the housing from turning, and is provided also with a further slot H3 which receives the outer end N2 of the spring 54 to holdit against turning freely. The inner end ill of the spring is engaged in aslot H5 in the reduced end 56 of the shaft 40, as shown in Fig. 4. This slot extends to the extreme end of the shaft, and is open at such end, making it easy to insert the inner end of the spring thereinto while the shaft 40 is withdrawn may be turned by means the spring 54 to the desired tension, whereupon the shaft to is pushed into the frame It as far as it will go, and the nuts 51 and-58 are tightened to in thedesired adjusted position.

The novel spindle and quill assembly ,of the device will now be described.

The spindle as has grooves 59 extending from its upper end to about the level of the top of the quill 38, as shown clearly in Fig. 5." These grooves or keyways afford sliding engagement for the keys or splines so in the tubular sleeve ll which carries the pulley II. It will benoted that a slight taper is-provided as shown at s: on the interensagins parts, of th sleeve [I and the pulley II; that is, these parts are with a relatively slight vertical that they may be engaged nrmthe pulley upon threaded also at its lower end as shownat st, to receive a nut I1 and lock. nut

is. A-bearing sleeve OI has a reduced lower portion it which fits within a corresponding bore of the frame it as shown and may be secured cap screw 12 threaded into the portion 1a and passing through a hole It in the frame it, a lock washer 14 being provided to prevent the cap screw 12 from working loose; A suitable anti-friction washer Ii, preferably made offline or the like, is'placed between the pulley so and the upper end ing as shown, and ano er such washer-ll is said bushing. The sleeve 0| carrying the pulley 30 is thus free to rotate about I porous bronze lining 98 carried in the bushing it. and in so turning will carry along the splined shaft or spindle 28,'without however preventing said shaft from moving vertically, since the keys provided on the sleeve II will slide along the keyways it. By adjusting nuts 61 and 88 the proper .degree of end play of sleeve Iii may be sccurately established and maintained.

The spindle quill 36, which hasalined bushings I1 and ll collarls engages saidspindle above the quill 3! and preferably is secured to the spindle by means of a hollow set screw so as shown. An antifriction washer II is interposed between the bottwo' oppositely located means of the i of the bearing bush- 20 is mounted for rotation in the I tom. of the collar 19 and the top of the quill. At the lower end of the mounted as shown, to carry the stress produced by the pressure of the drill orother tool on the work piece, preferably a ball bearing 82 as shown. At the lower end-83 the spindle has a suitable shape to cooperate with a chuck 84 or other device, a frusto-conical taper being shown.

The ball thrust bearing 82 bears against a shoulder H6 within the quill 36, and is retained against falling or moving downward by means of a ring III which may be formed of any suitable material, preferably consisting of a resilient split ringv of wire, which is seated in a groove of less depth than the diameter of the wire, so as to provide a shoulder which holds the thrust bearing A collar H9 having a beveled inner 1 and 2, and secured by means of the bolt 86 and This collar has a projection or lug 88 carries the threaded vertical rod 89 as shown,

v be stopped when the lower surface. of the nut 9 engages the top of the bifurcated lug 9i.

reservoir against the entrance of dust or other A hole W3 is provided in the pulley 3t, so that the spout of an oil can may be A similar expedient is employed in the two bearings 77 and it which support the spindle 28 at the two ends of the quill 38. The upper porous bronze sleeve 77 is surrounded by the annular quill a thrust bearing is oil reservoir it which communicates through the inclined passage I05 with the. oil hole I06, while the lower porous bronze bushing 18 similarly receives oil from the annular reservoir I01, fed with oil by means of the inclined passage I08 leading to the oil hole I09. Both of 'these oil holes are accessible from the front of the drill press when the Quill is lowered slightly, thus making it easy to oil the spindle bearings.

The operation of the drill press will presumably be obvious from the structure desirable however to summarize it briefly as follows:

A suitable motor 24 is mounted upon the plate 23 and adjusted until its shaft 27 is vertical, that is, parallel to the drill spindle. The cone pulleys 29 and 30 should be alined properly so that-the belt 3| may connect any selected steps thereof in driving relationship, any necessary adjustment of the belt tension being made by loosening the set screws 35 and moving the studs 22 forward or back, whereupon the set screws are again tightened.

It will be noted that the frame I6 and the parts carried thereby constitute a complete unit which may be moved up or down on the column 5 or turned about the axis of the latter to bring the drill spindle into proper position for the work to be done. The two runs of the belt 3| will be on opposite sides of the column 6 no matter on which.

steps of the cone pulleys the belt happens to be, and therefore the belt does not interfere with lowering the frame It on the column 5.

The work table 9 may be used to hold the work pieces andof course may be moved up or down on the column 5, or pivoted about the axis of said column, as may be necessary. and then clamped by means of the handle l3. When it is desired to use'the upper surface 2 of the base I as a work table. the work table 9 may be swung completely out of the way, which is particularly useful in drill ng long or tall objects.

Attention is directed to the fact that the drill spindle 28 mav be removed bodily byloosening the set screwfill which holds the collar 79, whereupon avdiiierent spindle may be inserted. This is advantageous where interchangeable spindles having various attachments at their lower ends are to be used, as it savesv time that would otherwise be consumed in fitting and centering different chucks or tools on the spindle. However it is of course also possible to provide a series of chucks or other devices which will fit interchangeably on the tapeaed, lower end 83 of-the spindle illustrated.

The spindle may be made of ordinary cold rolled steel rod or shafting, by reason of the fact wire ring m, which special steel castings or forgings which would the collar were made inthat the steel bushing 69 and the quill 36 are mounted in a single bore in the frame l6.

It follows also from this construction that it is very easy to take apart and reassemble the drill press, since the bushing St and the parts carried thereby may be removed bodily by removing the I as a unit, without disof the drill press.

in the ordinary operation of the drill done solely bylway of example and ing upwardly through a inga.

21mm: upward movement a said bearing support, said last named means be- Itwillbenotedthatthe collar 'liisshownas secured to the spindle 28 by a set screw" of thehollow en type, which is operated by inserting a hexagonal rod into the set screw. This makes it easy to tighten and loosen the collar 1!, as the wrench may be inserted through the threaded opening it! shown in Fig; 5, which normally receives the cap screw 34 for holding the guard 32 in place, or the quill way to bring the screw opposite the large open in'glliinframe ll.

When the quill 30 is lowered slightly from the position shown in Fig. 5, the two oilholes I08 and I", both of which are located directly in front, the operator, thus reminding him continually of their existence and facilitating the oiling of the two spindle bearlngsin the quill. The upper bearing 89 may also be oiled easily as already stated, without removingany part of the drill press, not even the guard 32, by inserting the spout of an oil'can through the hole I03 in the cone-pulley, which may be turned to bring said hole to the rear for this purpose.

It will be seen that the sleeve 6! which carries the cone pulley 30 is supported on a bearing 99 which extends far up into the pulley, thus avoiding the undesirable effects of an overhanging pulley. The spindle 28 is supported by three bearings at all times and also fits closely enough in the sleeve 6| (say .002" clearance) to aid in supporting the same by transferring some of the belt load to the bearings 11 and 18, except when the spindle is in its lowermost position. However this is a more or lessv abnormal position of the spindle and as a rule is never kept very long press, and is therefore not objectionable. Itis not intended however that the quill should be length .of time in its lowestposition'while the spindle runs at maximum speed, as this may cause excessive heat-andundue wear.

While the invention has been disclosed herein by reference to a at :present believed to be a preferred form, it should be clearly understood that this hasbeen .senseas a limitation to the specific form disclosed. Obviously the inventionmay be embodied in numerous other forms wherein certain of the features above disclosed are modified or omitted and wherein additionalfeatures may be included, etc. a a

For an understanding of the scope of, themvention reference should to the following claims;

' Iclaim:

1.In a drill press, a head, structure; a quill guided for vertical reciprocation in said head structure; a spindle Journalled in widely-verticaiiy spaced bearings in said quill and projectsingle opening located in said head structure above said quill and aligned with said quill; a single hollow bearing. support seating in said opening and removable therefrom by moving it axially upwardly away from said quill; a sleeve slidably fitting over-said spindle in said bearing support; means ving. connection between said sleeve and spindle in all shifted positions of said quill:

become visible and very easily accessible to locked for any specific embodiment thereof not in any therefore be had solelying of smaller the space above said opening being unobstructed.

may be lowered part at a higher level than said and said sleeve may be inserted in said'opening and is axially removable upwardlyfrom said opening as an assembled unit, said unit being insertible and removable without disturbing said quill and spindle by sliding said sleeve along said spindle, in any adjusted position of said quill; and means for locking said bearing support against removal when it is in place in said openmg. I I v 2. A unitary drill press driving pulley assembly adapted to be installed in assembled relationship in an opening in a drill press head, comprising an elongated cylindrical member having a portion designed to seat in said opening;

a bearing means mounted in said member, the

latter having an annular recess surrounding said bearing means intermediate its length; a sleeve journalled in said ley having a small to the upper endof said meansbetween said hub and the upper end of said member; thrust bearing means seeuredto the lower end of said sleeve and cooperating with the bottom of said member to prevent upward removal of said sleeve from said member but beingotsuiliciently small diameter to freely pass through the opening in the drill press head; an upwardly facing annular recess in said member afiular groove and having duct means placing it fluid communication with the' latter, for establishing a static head of lubricant around said first mentioned heating means, said pulley'extending downwardly in enclosing relationship with said member and having an inwardly extending portion closely surrounding said member below the level of said annular recess, to thereby form a substantially closed chamber and protect said annular recess against the entrance of extraneous material; and an opening in said pulley above the level of said annular recess for feeding lubricant thereto.

3. In a drill press, a head; a quill mounted for hearing means; a stepped puldiameter hub portion secured vertical reciprocation in said head and having 'dle and having a a spindle iournalled therein and projecting upsaid quill, said head having a single opening receiving, the upper end of said spincomparative long cylindrical wall disposed in parallel, spaced relationship thereto, said cylindrical wall terminating at its lower end adjacent the upper end of said quill when the latter is in its uppermost shifted position; and a unitary spindle driving assembly secured in said opening and ,plied to and removed from said head as a unit adapted to be apwithout disassembling any parts thereof and for. establishing and maintainmeans for limiting downward movement of said ing in said head, whereby without disturbing said quill, comprising a sleevelike suport fitting in said opening and snugly engaging the cylindrical wall thereof; means for releasably securing said support in place in said opening; a sleeve iournalled in said support; a pulley secured to the upper end of said sleeve in overhanging relationship to said support and having a hub operable to limit downward movement of said sleeve in said support; thrust bearing means secured to the lower end of said sleeve and cooperatingwith a thrustface on said support to prevent upward removal of said sleeve from said support, said thrust bearing means being of smaller wardly therethrough when said support is released and removed from said opening, said diameter than said opening, and

sleeve; thrust bearing overall diameter than-said openit may be'passedup- 4. The drill press structure defined in claim 1 wherein said head striicture has a hollow frontportion and said quill is provided with upper and lower portions, which, in the raised position of the guillvare disposed behind vertically spaced 

